Strike

The WGAW Board and WGAE Council have adopted Strike Rules that describe in detail members’ obligations. The Strike Rules can be viewed here.

In general, a strike means that no writing services—including pitching and development, or those duties described in the MBA as (a)-(h) writing services—may be performed for a struck company by a Guild member. WGA staff in the WGAW Legal Department (323) 782-4521 or the WGAE Legal Department (212) 767-7844 are available to answer questions members may have about the Strike Rules.

You must honor all WGA picket lines and may not enter the premises of any struck company. This rule also prohibits you from participating remotely in any writing room or other electronic communications hosted or administered by a struck company.
If you are a hyphenate, click here for more information.

If you are a WGA member working under a WGA collective bargaining agreement for (i) News, (ii) Online Media & Podcasts, or (iii) Podcasts, Nonfiction Television, Public Television, click here for more information.

Rule 3 requires WGA members to notify their representatives to cease negotiations on their behalf until the strike concludes. We have a form Rule 3 Notice members can fill in and send from this platform, available here.

Rule 4 requires members to notify struck companies to return or delete writer-owned “spec” literary material or sample scripts. We have a form Rule 4 Notice members can fill in and send from this platform, available here.

A “struck company” is a company that was signatory to the 2020 MBA. Contact the Signatories Department to inquire if a company is struck. But remember: Working Rule 8 at all times prohibits members from working for non-signatory companies. This means that during the strike, WGA members cannot perform writing services (or option/sell literary material) in any market covered by the MBA (feature motion pictures, television and new media).

Producers are treated as representatives of struck companies under the Strike Rules.

Rule 1 prohibits WGA members from attending meetings, or engaging in conversations as a writer concerning new, pending or future projects or writing assignments with producers.

Follow the Strike Rules, and do everything you can to deprive the studios of your talent and services. Demonstrate solidarity with fellow writers by supporting the bargaining agenda on social media, picketing and attending meetings and rallies and other WGA actions.

If you need guidance, talk to your captain, a WGA leader or WGA staff. Please contact the WGAW Legal Department (323) 782-4521 or the WGAE Legal Department (212) 767-7844 if you need legal advice.

Members are expected to comply with the Strike Rules. That is the duty we all owe each other as members of the Guilds, and it is critical all members follow the Strike Rules to make sure the strike is as effective (and short) as possible and our Negotiating Committee has the greatest leverage possible to win a fair deal.

Violations of the Strike Rules are very rare in WGA strikes. However, in the event the Strike Rules Compliance Committee has reason to believe a member has violated the Strike Rules the Committee can recommend disciplinary action under the WGAW or WGAE Constitutions. A member accused of breaking the Strike Rules has a right to a hearing before a Trial Committee, which can recommend discipline to the Board or Council if they find a member has broken a Strike Rule. Possible discipline includes monetary fines and other consequences up to expulsion from Guild membership. 

No. A member cannot render writing services for a struck company during the strike under any circumstances.

The functions defined in the MBA as (a)-(h) are writing services, which can under certain circumstances be performed by individuals not employed as writers. WGA members—even if employed in a non-writing capacity—are prohibited from performing (a)-(h) writing (as well as all other writing services). Thus, a WGA member employed as a writer-producer on a series cannot perform (a)-(h) services during the strike by saying the work is being done in a “producer” capacity. (a)-(h) is writing and encompasses almost everything a writer-producer might do during production and post.

For reference, the MBA defines (a)-(h) writing services as follows:

1. Cutting for time;
2. Bridging material necessitated by cutting for time;
3. Changes in technical or stage directions;
4. Assignment of lines to other existing characters occasioned by cast changes;
5. Changes necessary to obtain continuity acceptance or legal clearance;
6. Casual minor adjustments in dialogue or narration made prior to or during the period of principal photography;
7. Such changes in the course of production as are made necessary by unforeseen contingencies (e.g., the elements, accidents to performers, etc.); and
8. Instructions, directions, or suggestions, whether oral or written, made to a writer regarding story or screenplay.

(A)-(h) services include making any changes, no matter how minor, to the script. This can happen during development, production or post and includes adding dialogue, cutting or adding material, making changes to technical directions, switching lines around, or suggesting changes to material to be made by others. The MBA defines this work as writing, and the Strike Rules prevent members from doing it on projects where they are employed as writers.  

On set, you might hear an actor read a line that’s not working, so you give him a better one. That’s (a)-(h). Or if you come up with dialogue in ADR to enhance a scene. Or you cut material to make the episode shorter. During a shoot, when day becomes night, you lose a location, shooting constraints require a change in blocking that affects the scene—you can't make any change in the script that addresses what will be an obvious incongruity, because to change it is to write. All of these examples are (a)-(h) writing and are violations.

WGA members are prohibited from performing any writing services during the strike, including making changes or revisions to literary material (including cutting and pasting from already written drafts), as well as (a)-(h) services, such as cutting for time (which often happens in the editing bay during post), or adjusting dialogue during principal photography. The WGA can’t require members not to perform purely producing functions, but members are encouraged to refuse to perform any work for struck studios to assist the strike effort. If you have further questions, please contact WGAW Member Organizing or Michelle Kuchinsky in the WGAE Film, TV, and Streaming Sector.

Yes. Showrunners and writer-producers, like every other member of the WGA, must follow the Strike Rules. The Strike Rules prohibit showrunners—or any other members—from performing writing during production and post-production, including (a)-(h) writing services. In 2007-08, many showrunners went farther than that and refused to perform any services for struck companies during the strike. For showrunner-related questions or concerns, please contact Ann Farriday in WGAW Member Organizing or Michelle Kuchinsky in the WGAE Film, TV, and Streaming Sector.

“Covering set” almost always involves some type of writing, whether it’s doing a production rewrite, punch-up, or (a)-(h) writing services (which includes changes in technical or stage directions or adjustments in dialogue—however minor). The Strike Rules prohibit members from performing any of those writing functions during the strike.

These letters are an intimidation tactic and a studio attempt to undermine the power and effect of the strike. 

Some of the letters claim that (a)-(h) services aren’t writing, even though you were hired by the studio as a writer. This is wrong. The MBA is explicit in providing that (a)-(h) services when done by a writer are writing. Under the Strike Rules, performing (a)-(h) services during the strike is a violation. 

While the WGA can’t require members not to perform purely producing functions, many members are making the choice to refuse to perform any work for struck studios to assist the strike effort and some are even going public with that decision. Many writers believe that it is impossible to perform any other services without also engaging their writer brain. If you have further questions, please contact WGAW Member Organizing or Michelle Kuchinsky in the WGAE Film, TV, and Streaming Sector.

Yes. These members also must follow the Strike Rules, which prohibit performing any writing services during the strike including (a)-(h) (see above).

The WGA can’t prohibit you from directing under the DGA agreement. But as a director, you can’t rewrite or polish the script or perform other writing services, or perform (a)-(h) (see above) even if you are not hired on the project as a writer.

The WGA can’t prohibit you from performing under the SAG-AFTRA agreement (although members should be aware that SAG-AFTRA is on strike, and has issued strike rules). But as an actor or performer, you can’t write any of your or others’ lines, even if you are not hired on the project as a writer.

Members can’t write, even if also employed in the capacity of a performer.

No, you cannot write for a non-signatory foreign producer. Guild Working Rule 8 prohibits members from working for non-signatory companies. This rule applies at all times but is particularly important during the strike because of the potential that a non-signatory producer could be used as a subterfuge to have work performed for a struck company.

During the strike, all Canadian waiver agreements are terminated, and therefore you are not permitted to continue writing on such projects during the strike.

We encourage writers to call us with the particulars of their situation so we can assess whether they are in danger of engaging in strike-breaking activity. Please contact the WGAW Legal Department (323) 782-4521 or the WGAE Legal Department (212) 767-7844.

No, you cannot pitch during the strike.

No.

You can write a spec script during the strike, but neither you nor your reps can shop, option, or sell the spec script, or take any action to further the future option or sale of the spec script, including developing the script with a producer, or attaching talent or other elements to the project.

No.

No, you may not negotiate with a struck company for option or sale of literary material, including an extension of an option agreement that predates the strike.

You can accept payment from the struck company if the company is exercising its right to purchase literary material under terms that were fully negotiated prior to the strike. You cannot perform any writing services on the optioned or purchased literary material during the strike.

Yes, you can accept payment for writing services performed prior to the strike. Similarly, if you were commenced on a script prior to the strike, you may accept payment for commencement, but you are prohibited from continuing to write during the strike.

No. You should let the Company know you are prohibited from discussing work until the strike concludes.

No. You should let the company know you are prohibited from making promotional appearances at their request until the strike concludes.

No. You should let the Company know you are prohibited from making these promotional appearances about your work until the strike concludes.

You must refuse promoting a project at a struck company’s request. However, it is not a violation to talk about your projects on your own accord on your own social media.

No.

No.

Not all fellowship programs are the same. Any program involving employment by, or meetings with, a struck company or producers would be a violation of the Strike Rules. We are also requiring members to avoid writing programs sponsored by struck companies or their affiliates during the strike so that these programs can’t be used by them to access or develop literary material by members. If you have a question about a particular program, please contact the WGAW Legal Department (323) 782-4521 or the WGAE Legal Department (212) 767-7844.

Yes. Members are required to send the following notice to their representative(s):

NOTICE
“On ______, 2023, following a vote by the membership of the Writers Guild of America, the WGA issued a strike order against various companies in the motion picture, television and new media industry. You are immediately instructed to engage in no further negotiations, meetings or discussions with any struck company concerning my performance of writing services on future or pending projects, or for the sale or option of literary material I have written, alone or with a writing partner. I hereby revoke your authority to engage in any of the foregoing activities until the WGA withdraws the strike order.”

The WGA has sent the Strike Rules to representatives and is available to answer any questions representatives may have.

The franchise agreement prohibits agents from encouraging violations of the Strike Rules. Representation contracts can be terminated if the agent, during the strike, obtains employment (or options/sells literary material) for any WGA writer with a struck company.

No. You are in breach of the Strike Rules if your rep procures WGA-covered work for you during the strike.

The answer to both questions is NO. If your rep submits your work to studios or producers during the strike you would be in violation of a strike rule. Inform your reps that you are on strike and let them know they cannot try to get you meetings or submit material during the strike.

If your agents attempt to do so, they are also in violation of the franchise agreement.

Please contact the WGAW Agency Department to report any rep who is encouraging writers to violate the Strike Rules.

No. If your agents attempt to do so, they are in violation of the franchise agreement.

Please contact the WGAW Agency Department to report any rep who is encouraging writers to violate the Strike Rules.

No, your rep cannot continue to negotiate a deal for you during the strike. Your rep can resume negotiations once the strike concludes.

No, redlining a long-form contract is negotiating the terms of your employment with the studio (or the option/purchase of your literary material). Your rep cannot do this during the strike.

There’s nothing prohibiting a member from signing with a rep during the strike. But reps cannot submit your literary material to struck companies, set up meetings for you with struck companies, procure MBA-covered employment for you, etc. during a strike.

You should tell your rep that you will not break the Strike Rules and that you support the WGA.

You should also report your rep to the WGAW Agency Department (323) 782-4502. Agents are in violation of the franchise agreement if they encourage a member to violate WGA rules.

Yes, the guilds communicated the Strike Rules to all reps—agents, managers, attorneys—and let them know WGA staff are available to field any questions they may have.

If a rep tells you they have questions about the Strike Rules, please encourage them to contact the WGAW Legal Department (323) 782-4521 or the WGAE Legal Department (212) 767-7844.

We welcome any TAG members on our picket lines and to post messages of solidarity on social media.

The WGA can’t prohibit individuals from working under a TAG Agreement, nor are we asking TAG members to walk off TAG projects.

Any animation writing that is covered by the MBA is prohibited during the strike.

Both WGA and TAG represent writers of animated series. Before a project is sold, the determination of which guild covers the project is often not yet resolved. You can tell the company you are developing with that you would be willing to discuss terms after the strike concludes. Please contact WGAW Member Organizing or the WGAE Legal Department (212) 767-7844 if you are developing an animated series.

The MBA covers writing for feature film, television, podcast, and new media projects—including scripted projects for streaming services like Netflix, Apple and Amazon, for example. Fiction podcasts may be covered as well. It also includes writing for network news magazine programs like 60 Minutes. However, it does not cover local or national television, radio, or streaming news, nor does it cover nonfiction television or nonfiction podcasts.

Please contact the WGA if you have questions about whether your work is covered under the MBA.

No, the strike affects WGA members who work under the MBA, not members in (i) broadcast TV, radio, or streaming news, (ii) online media, (iii) nonfiction television, or (iv) nonfiction podcast contracts. 

All WGA members are required to abide by the Strike Rules which prohibit members from performing MBA-covered writing services for struck companies. That means no WGA member, in any sector, can be hired to perform writing services in TV and feature films for, nor to sell or option any literary material to, struck companies.

If there is a picket line outside your place of work, the WGA will send you advance notice and inform you how to proceed. It is important in these situations to contact the WGA staff representative for your sector immediately to inform them of the situation.

Staff Contacts

• WGAE Broadcast, Cable, and Streaming News: WGAE: Michael Isaac, WGAW: Robert Disney
• Online Media & Podcasts: Terri Nilliasca
• Film, Television and Streaming (Podcasts, Nonfiction Television, Public Television): WGAE: Michelle Kuchinsky; WGAW Contracts Department 

The WGA will keep all members informed on picket and rally locations. We encourage non-MBA members to show solidarity with their fellow WGA members and join the picket line or rallies. If there is a WGA picket line at your place of work, and you are a non-MBA member, please contact your WGA staff representative.

We also strongly encourage members to use their social media to support members on strike. You will be able to find graphics in our Social Media Toolkit.

It has long been the WGAW and WGAE policy to ban from future membership any non-member who performs writing services for struck companies—what is commonly known as scab writing. This policy has been strictly enforced and has resulted in convincing many would-be strikebreakers to refrain from harming the guilds and their members during a strike. It is important for you to report to the guilds the name of any non-member you believe has performed writing services for a struck company and as much information as possible about the non-member’s services.

Programs that involve employment by a struck company to write literary material are considered struck work. Nor should you sell or develop literary material for struck companies.

If you have questions about a particular program, contact the WGAW Legal Department (323) 782-4521 or the WGAE Legal Department (212) 767-7844.